NEET Biology Syllabus From Class
11th
1
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Diversity in Living World
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2.
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Structural Organisation in Animals and Plants
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3.
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Cell Structure and Function
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4.
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Plant Physiology
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5
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Human physiology
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BIOLOGY
CONTENTS OF CLASS XI SYLLABUS
UNIT I: Diversity in Living World
1. What
is living? ; Biodiversity; Need for classification; Three domains of life;
Taxonomy & Systematics; Concept of species and taxonomical hierarchy;
Binomial nomenclature; Tools for study of Taxonomy – Museums, Zoos, Herbaria,
Botanical gardens.
2. Five
kingdom classification; salient features and classification of Monera; Protista
and Fungi into major groups; Lichens; Viruses and Viroids.
3. Salient
features and classification of plants into major groups-Algae, Bryophytes,
Pteridophytes, Gymnosperms and Angiosperms (three to five salient and
distinguishing features and at least two examples of each category);
Angiosperms- classification up to class, characteristic features and examples).
4. Salient
features and classification of animals-nonchordate up to phyla level and
chordate up to classes level (three to five salient features and at least two
examples).
UNIT
II: Structural Organisation in Animals and Plants
1. Morphology
and modifications; Tissues; Anatomy and functions of different parts of
flowering plants: Root, stem, leaf, inflorescence- cymose and recemose,
2. flower,
fruit and seed (To be dealt along with the relevant practical of thePractical
Syllabus).
3. Animal
tissues; Morphology, anatomy and functions of different systems (digestive,
circulatory, respiratory, nervous and reproductive) of an insect (cockroach).
(Brief account only)
UNIT III: Cell Structure and
Function
1. Cell
theory and cell as the basic unit of life; Structure of prokaryotic and
eukaryotic cell; Plant cell and animal cell; Cell envelope, cell membrane, cell
wall; Cell organelles-structure and function; Endomembrane system-endoplasmic
reticulum, Golgi bodies, lysosomes, vacuoles; mitochondria,Cytoskeleton, cilia, flagella, centrioles (ultra
structure and function); ribosomes,
plastids, micro bodies; Nucleus-nuclear membrane, chromatin, nucleolus.
2. Chemical
constituents of living cells: Biomolecules-structure and function of proteins,
carbodydrates, lipids, nucleic acids; Enzymes-types, properties, enzyme action.
3. B
Cell division: Cell cycle, mitosis, meiosis and their significance.
UNIT IV: Plant Physiology
1. Transport
in plants: Movement of water, gases and nutrients; Cell to cell
transport-Diffusion, facilitated diffusion, active transport; Plant – water
relations– Imbibition, water potential, osmosis, plasmolysis; Long distance
transport of water – Absorption, apoplast, symplast, transpiration pull, root
pressure and guttation; Transpiration-Opening and closing of stomata; Uptake and
translocation of mineral nutrients-Transport of food, phloem transport, Mass flow hypothesis; Diffusion of gases (brief mention).
translocation of mineral nutrients-Transport of food, phloem transport, Mass flow hypothesis; Diffusion of gases (brief mention).
2. Mineral
nutrition: Essential minerals, macro and micronutrients and their role;
Deficiency symptoms; Mineral toxicity; Elementary idea of Hydroponics as a
method to study mineral nutrition; Nitrogen metabolism-Nitrogen cycle,
biological nitrogen fixation.
3. Photosynthesis:
Photosynthesis as a means of Autotrophic nutrition; Site of photosynthesis take
place; pigments involved in Photosynthesis (Elementary idea); Photochemical and
biosynthetic phases of photosynthesis; Cyclic and non cyclic and
photophosphorylation; Chemiosmotic hypothesis; Photorespiration C3 and C4
pathways; Factors affecting photosynthesis.
4. Respiration:
Exchange gases; Cellular respiration-glycolysis, fermentation (anaerobic), TCA
cycle and electron transport system (aerobic); Energy relations- Number of ATP
molecules generated; Amphibolic pathways; Respiratory quotient.
5. Plant
growth and development: Seed germination; Phases of Plant growth and plant
growth rate; Conditions of growth; Differentiation, dedifferentiation and
redifferentiation; Sequence of developmental process in a plant cell; Growth
regulators-auxin,gibberellin, cytokinin, ethylene, ABA; Seed dormancy;
Vernalisation; Photoperiodism.
UNIT IV: Human Physiology
1. Digestion
and absorption; Alimentary canal and digestive glands; Role of digestive
enzymes and gastrointestinal hormones; Peristalsis, digestion, absorption and
assimilation of proteins, carbohydrates and fats; Caloric value of proteins,
carbohydrates and fats; Egestion; Nutritional and digestive disorders – PEM,
indigestion, constipation, vomiting, jaundice, diarrhea.
2. Breathing
and Respiration: Respiratory organs in animals (recall only); Respiratory
system in humans; Mechanism of breathing and its regulation in humans-Exchange
of gases, transport of gases and regulation of respiration Respiratory volumes;
Disorders related to respiration-Asthma, Emphysema, Occupational respirhatory
disorders.
3. Body
fluids and circulation: Composition of blood, blood groups, coagulation of
blood; Composition of lymph and its function; Human circulatory
system-Structure of human heart and blood vessels; Cardiac cycle, cardiac
output, ECG, Double circulation; Regulation of cardiac activity; Disorders of
circulatory system- Hypertension, Coronary artery disease, Angina pectoris,
Heart failure.
4. Excretory
products and their elimination: Modes of excretion- Ammonotelism, ureotelism,
uricotelism; Human excretory system-structure and fuction; Urine formation,
Osmoregulation; Regulation of kidney function-Renin-angiotensin, Atrial
Natriuretic Factor, ADH and Diabetes insipidus; Role of other organs in
excretion; Disorders; Uraemia, Renal failure, Renal calculi, Nephritis;
Dialysis and artificial kidney.
5. Locomotion
and Movement: Types of movement- ciliary, fiagellar, muscular; Skeletal muscle-
contractile proteins and muscle contraction; Skeletal system and its functions
(To be dealt with the relevant practical of Practical syllabus); Joints;
Disorders of muscular and skeletal system-Myasthenia gravis, Tetany, Muscular
dystrophy, Arthritis, Osteoporosis, Gout.
6. Neural
control and coordination: Neuron and nerves; Nervous system in humans- central
nervous system, peripheral nervous system and visceral nervous system;
Generation and conduction of nerve impulse; Reflex action; Sense organs;
Elementary structure and function of eye and ear.
7. Chemical
coordination and regulation: Endocrine glands and hormones; Human endocrine
system-Hypothalamus, Pituitary, Pineal, Thyroid, Parathyroid, Adrenal, Pancreas,
Gonads; Mechanism of hormone action (Elementary Idea); Role of hormones as
messengers and regulators, Hypo-and hyperactivity and related disorders (Common
disorders e.g. Dwarfism, Acromegaly, Cretinism, goiter, exopthalmic goiter,
diabetes, Addison’s disease).
8. (Imp:
Diseases and disorders mentioned above to be dealt in brief.)
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